EDUCATION OF SIX-YEAR-OLD CHILDREN: EXPERIENCE OF THE 1980S ІN THE UKRAINIAN SSR

Abstract

The article analyzes the implementation of educational reform in schools of the Ukrainian SSR in the context of the implementation of the resolution of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Ukrainian SSR and the Council of Ministers of the Ukrainian SSR «On further improvement of general secondary education of youth and improvement of working conditions of general education schools» (1984). It was designed to improve the educational and educational activities of students, to make the transition from ten-year to eleven-year school education. This was due to overcoming destructive processes and phenomena that had accumulated in Soviet society and an attempt to solve educational problems and not lose international positions. The main directions of education were to be implemented in school and beyond, the messages of which remained the principles of Leninism.The work emphasizes that «perestroika» created optimal opportunities for the implementation of the basic principles of educational reform in school. Using official slogans, educational institutions directed their own efforts to this end.The process was long and required attention from state bodies and local. The first, on the one hand, continued to be inert or carried out appropriate measures in a veiled manner, the second – contemplated them and were forced to react to the pedagogical community.It is emphasized that it was the teachers who became the decisive force in this process. They continued to fulfill their own mission, studying the features of learning, development and interaction with six-year-old children. For them, this was new and a real challenge. Teachers in preschool institutions and schools carried out appropriate work not only with children, but also with their parents, the pedagogical community. It is proven that the main task of working with six-year-old children is their preparation for further school and adult life. The areas of work with them were as follows: the development of speech and language, compliance with sanitary and hygienic norms and rules of behavior, the formation of a healthy lifestyle, etc. This was carried out through conversations, reading, practical activities, excursions.It is noted that not all parents sent their children to school from the age of six because of their skeptical attitude to changes, lack of preparation. There were also problems that needed to be solved: personnel, scientific and methodological, material. Nevertheless, the school reform brought closer the democratic changes that took place in the following periods of the existence of Ukrainian society.