HEAD OF THE LEADERSHIP OUN OLEH SZTUL (1917–1977). FORMATION PERSONALITY

Abstract

The purpose of the work is to highlight the biography of O. Sztul, namely the period of his personality formation, factors that influenced this process. This will allow us to a large extent to understand his motivation when making decisions and, in general, his further biography. The research methodology is based on the principles of systematicity, objectivity and historicism. The work used both general scientific and special methods of historical knowledge. Among general scientific methods it is worth mentioning the methods of analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, comparison, critical method. Achieving the goal became possible thanks to special historical methods: prosopographical, historical-problematic and historical-chronological. The categories of personality and the time of its formation are outlined by using the method of interdisciplinary connections. The age of 17 was determined as the time of personality formation using the achievements of psychology. The chronological boundaries of the work are also constructed accordingly with this in mind. The scientific novelty of the research consists in an attempt to determine the influencing factors on the formation of the personality of a historical figure. Along with the attempt of a new methodological approach, using the achievements of psychology in the work, the period of O. Sztul childhood and youth, studies at the Kremenets Theological Seminary is covered in more detail for the first time. New sources introduced into scientific circulation by the author in the mentioned work will be useful for further researchers. Conclusions. O. Sztul personal development took place in two stages. The first was the family environment. The direct upbringing of the children was more likely taken care of by the teacher's mother, but the father's role probably dominated more. Extremely active, both in church and public life, he had an unconditional influence on his sons. Frequent changes of parishes, relocations did not contribute to the family's fortunes, children, like adults, constantly got used to a new place. O. Sztul probably understood already then, the price his father pays for his position. The second stage is the time of study at the Kremenets Theological Seminary, where the young man not only met like-minded people, but also got to know the idea of Ukrainian statehood more thoroughly. These aspects had an unconditional influence on the further biography of O. Sztul to some extent explain the fact that it was he, and not someone else, who assumed the position of leader of the OUN.