PROTEST MOVEMENTS AGAINST THE BAN OF THE FLAG IN NORTHERN IRELAND IN THE CONTEXT OF IRISH IDENTITY ISSUES
Abstract
The article analyses the protests against symbols, in particular the flag, in the context of the problem of Northern Irish identity. It is substantiated that the protests against the removal of the “Union Jack” flag of Great Britain, which took place in late 2012 and early 2013, attracted the attention of international media, political scientists and the public.Much of the attention was focused on the involvement of young people and attempts to find answers to the question of how young people who grew up in more peaceful times could be involved in violence that belongs to Northern Ireland’s past.The analysis of the anti-symbol protests organised by young people in post-conflict Belfast provided a clearer picture of the factors that led to the unrest and violence, as well as the implications of these protests for the peace process and stability on the island of Ireland.It is shown that during the week, mass protests, accompanied by riots and violence, took place in different parts of Northern Ireland against the decision of the Belfast City Council to remove the Union Jack flag from its permanent place in the city hall. It is alleged that some acts of violence were organised by paramilitaries. It is argued that the community of Protestants, Unionists and Loyalists (PUL) oppose the new restrictions on the display of the “Union Jack” flag in Belfast City Hall and in 2012–2013 held numerous protests throughout Northern Ireland. Representatives of the Catholic, Nationalist and Republican (CNR) community in Belfast City Council wanted to remove the “Union Jack” flag completely, but eventually voted in favour of a compromise by the non-denominational Alliance party, which would allow the flag to be flown on certain days. The city council voted to fly the flag only on 18 designated days. Unionists believe that the changes to the “Union Jack” flag are an assault on their cultural identity, and protests have taken place in various parts of Northern Ireland since it was removed.It is proved that the protests against the flag took place in the context of the peace process and peacebuilding in Northern Ireland. While the previous manifestations of unionist discontent took place during the Troubles, the protests against the removal and banning of the flag occurred at a time when significant diplomatic successes were achieved and interfaith and political reconciliation took place. The events that took place before and after the decision to fly the British flag over Belfast City Hall were a reminder of how different understandings of what is ‘right’ can lead to hostility, even if a decision is made by a majority vote. The flag issue has exposed the contradictions that exist in society.On the one hand, it is a matter of faith in constitutional values, and on the other, it is a matter of striving for equality. This vicious circle of problems remains difficult to overcome.
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